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* 产品  
  ![black arrow pointing left to go back to main navigation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/arrow-right-black.svg) 产品  
  [人工智能驱动的网络安全平台](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Secure AI by Design](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/precision-ai-security/secure-ai-by-design?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Prisma AIRS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/prisma/prisma-ai-runtime-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [AI Access Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/ai-access-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [云交付的安全服务](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/security-subscriptions?ts=markdown)
  
  * [高级威胁预防](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Advanced URL Filtering](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/advanced-url-filtering?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Advanced WildFire](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/advanced-wildfire?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Advanced DNS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/advanced-dns-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [企业数据丢失防护](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/enterprise-data-loss-prevention?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Enterprise IoT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/enterprise-device-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [医疗物联网安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/medical-iot-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [工业 OT 安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/industrial-ot-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [SaaS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/saas-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [新一代防火墙](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/next-generation-firewall?ts=markdown)
  
  * [硬件防火墙](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/hardware-firewall-innovations?ts=markdown)
  
  * [软件防火墙](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/software-firewalls?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Strata Cloud Manager](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/strata-cloud-manager?ts=markdown)
  
  * [SD-WAN for NGFW](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/sd-wan-subscription?ts=markdown)
  
  * [PAN-OS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/pan-os?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Panorama](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/panorama?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Secure Access Service Edge](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Prisma SASE](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase?ts=markdown)
  
  * [应用加速](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/app-acceleration?ts=markdown)
  
  * [自主数字体验管理](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/adem?ts=markdown)
  
  * [企业 DLP](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/enterprise-data-loss-prevention?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Prisma Access](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/access?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Prisma 浏览器](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/prisma-browser?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Prisma SD-WAN](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/sd-wan?ts=markdown)
  
  * [远程浏览器隔离](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/remote-browser-isolation?ts=markdown)
  
  * [SaaS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/saas-security?ts=markdown)  
    [基于 AI 的安全运营平台](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cloud Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex Cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud?ts=markdown)
  
  * [应用安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/application-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [云态势安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/cloud-posture-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [云运行时安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/runtime-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Prisma Cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/prisma/cloud?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Unit 42 托管检测和响应](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/managed-detection-and-response?ts=markdown)
  
  * [人工智能驱动的 SOC](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex Advanced Email Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/advanced-email-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex Exposure Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/exposure-management?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cortex-xsiam?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex XDR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cortex-xdr?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex XSOAR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cortex-xsoar?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex Xpanse](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cortex-xpanse?ts=markdown)
  
  * [托管 XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/managed-xsiam?ts=markdown)

* 解决方案  
  ![black arrow pointing left to go back to main navigation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/arrow-right-black.svg) 解决方案  
  AI 安全
  
  * [安全的人工智能生态系统](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/prisma/prisma-ai-runtime-security?ts=markdown)
  * [安全使用 GenAI](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/ai-access-security?ts=markdown)  
    网络安全
  * [云网络安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/software-firewalls?ts=markdown)
  * [数据中心安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/data-center?ts=markdown)
  * [DNS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/advanced-dns-security?ts=markdown)
  * [入侵检测和防御](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention?ts=markdown)
  * [IoT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/enterprise-device-security?ts=markdown)
  * [5G 安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/5g-security?ts=markdown)
  * [确保所有应用、用户和位置的安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/secure-users-data-apps-devices?ts=markdown)
  * [确保分支机构转型的安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/secure-branch-transformation?ts=markdown)
  * [确保任何设备上的工作安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/secure-work-on-any-device?ts=markdown)
  * [VPN 替代](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/sase/vpn-replacement-for-secure-remote-access?ts=markdown)
  * [Web 和网络钓鱼安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/advanced-url-filtering?ts=markdown)  
    云安全
  * [应用安全态势管理 (ASPM)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/application-security-posture-management?ts=markdown)
  * [软件供应链安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/software-supply-chain-security?ts=markdown)
  * [代码安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/code-security?ts=markdown)
  * [云安全态势管理 (CSPM)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/cloud-security-posture-management?ts=markdown)
  * [云基础架构权限管理 (CIEM)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/cloud-infrastructure-entitlement-management?ts=markdown)
  * [数据安全态势管理 (DSPM)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/data-security-posture-management?ts=markdown)
  * [AI 安全态势管理 (AI-SPM)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/ai-security-posture-management?ts=markdown)
  * [云检测与响应 (CDR)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud-detection-and-response?ts=markdown)
  * [云工作负载保护 (CWP)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/cloud-workload-protection?ts=markdown)
  * [Web 应用及 API 安全 (WAAS)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud/web-app-api-security?ts=markdown)  
    安全运营
  * [云检测和响应](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cloud-detection-and-response?ts=markdown)
  * [网络安全自动化](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/network-security-automation?ts=markdown)
  * [事件案例管理](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/incident-case-management?ts=markdown)
  * [SOC 自动化](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/security-operations-automation?ts=markdown)
  * [威胁情报管理](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/threat-intel-management?ts=markdown)
  * [托管的检测和响应](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/managed-detection-and-response?ts=markdown)
  * [攻击面管理](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cortex-xpanse/attack-surface-management?ts=markdown)
  * [合规性管理](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cortex-xpanse/compliance-management?ts=markdown)
  * [互联网运营管理](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/cortex-xpanse/internet-operations-management?ts=markdown)  
    端点安全
  * [端点防护](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/endpoint-protection?ts=markdown)
  * [扩展的检测和响应](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/detection-and-response?ts=markdown)
  * [勒索软件防护](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/ransomware-protection?ts=markdown)
  * [数字取证](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/digital-forensics?ts=markdown)  
    [行业](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/industry?ts=markdown)
  * [公共部门](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/public-sector)
  * [金融服务](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/financial-services)
  * [制造](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/manufacturing)
  * [医疗保健](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/healthcare)
  * [中小型企业解决方案](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/small-medium-business-portfolio)

* 服务  
  ![black arrow pointing left to go back to main navigation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/arrow-right-black.svg) 服务  
  [威胁情报和事件响应服务](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42?ts=markdown)
  
  * [评估](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess?ts=markdown)
  
  * [AI 安全评估](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/ai-security-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [攻击面评估](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/attack-surface-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [防泄露准备工作审核](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/breach-readiness-review?ts=markdown)
  
  * [BEC 准备情况评估](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/bec-readiness-assessment)
  
  * [云安全评估](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/cloud-security-assessment)
  
  * [入侵评估](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/compromise-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [网络风险评估](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/cyber-risk-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [并购网络尽职调查](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/mergers-acquisitions-cyber-due-dilligence?ts=markdown)
  
  * [渗透测试](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/penetration-testing?ts=markdown)
  
  * [紫队演习](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/purple-teaming?ts=markdown)
  
  * [勒索软件就绪评估](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/ransomware-readiness-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [SOC 评估](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/soc-assessment)
  
  * [供应链风险评估](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/supply-chain-risk-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [桌面演习](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/assess/tabletop-exercise?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Unit 42 顾问人员](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/retainer?ts=markdown)
  
  * [响应](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/respond?ts=markdown)
  
  * [云事故响应](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/respond/cloud-incident-response?ts=markdown)
  
  * [数字取证](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/respond/digital-forensics?ts=markdown)
  
  * [事件响应](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/respond/incident-response?ts=markdown)
  
  * [托管检测与响应](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/respond/managed-detection-response?ts=markdown)
  
  * [托管威胁追踪](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/respond/managed-threat-hunting?ts=markdown)
  
  * [托管 XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cortex/managed-xsiam?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Unit 42 顾问人员](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/retainer?ts=markdown)
  
  * [转型](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/transform?ts=markdown)
  
  * [事故响应计划制定与审核](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/transform/incident-response-plan-development-review?ts=markdown)
  
  * [安全计划设计](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/transform/security-program-design?ts=markdown)
  
  * [虚拟 CISO](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/transform/vciso?ts=markdown)
  
  * [零信任咨询](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/transform/zero-trust-advisory)  
    [全球客户服务](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/services?ts=markdown)
  
  * [教育与培训](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/education)
  
  * [专业服务](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/consulting)
  
  * [成功工具](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/customer-success-tools)
  
  * [支持服务](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/solution-assurance)
  
  * [客户成功](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/customer-success)  
    [![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/logo-unit-42.svg)  
    Unit 42 顾问人员
    为满足企业的需求而定制，您可以选择将顾问人员工时数分配给我们的任意产品，包括主动网络风险管理服务。了解如何一键呼叫世界一流的 Unit 42 事故响应团队。
    了解更多](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/unit42/retainer?ts=markdown)

* 合作伙伴  
  ![black arrow pointing left to go back to main navigation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/arrow-right-black.svg) 合作伙伴  
  NextWave 合作伙伴
  
  * [NextWave 合作伙伴社区](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners)
  * [云服务提供商](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/nextwave-for-csp)
  * [全球系统集成商](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/nextwave-for-gsi)
  * [技术合作伙伴](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/technology-partners)
  * [服务提供商](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/service-providers)
  * [解决方案提供商](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/nextwave-solution-providers)
  * [托管安全服务提供商](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/managed-security-service-providers)  
    采取行动
  * [门户网站登录](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/nextwave-partner-portal)
  * [管理的服务计划](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/managed-security-services-provider-program)
  * [成为合作伙伴](https://paloaltonetworks.my.site.com/NextWavePartnerProgram/s/partnerregistration?type=becomepartner)
  * [请求访问](https://paloaltonetworks.my.site.com/NextWavePartnerProgram/s/partnerregistration?type=requestaccess)
  * [查找合作伙伴](https://paloaltonetworks.my.site.com/NextWavePartnerProgram/s/partnerlocator)  
    [CYBERFORCE
    CYBERFORCE 代表了因其安全专业知识而值得信赖的前 1% 的合作伙伴工程师。
    了解更多](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberforce)

* 公司  
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  Palo Alto Networks
  
  * [关于我们](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/about-us?ts=markdown)
  * [管理团队](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/management)
  * [投资者关系](https://investors.paloaltonetworks.com/)
  * [地点](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/locations)
  * [道德与合规性](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/ethics-and-compliance)
  * [企业责任](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/corporate-responsibility)
  * [军人和退伍军人](https://jobs.paloaltonetworks.com/military)  
    [为什么选择 Palo Alto Networks？](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/why-paloaltonetworks?ts=markdown)
  * [Precision AI 安全](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/precision-ai-security?ts=markdown)
  * [我们的平台方法](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/why-paloaltonetworks/platformization?ts=markdown)
  * [加速网络安全转型](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/why-paloaltonetworks/nam-cxo-portfolio)
  * [获得的奖项与表彰](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/awards)
  * [客户案例](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/customers?ts=markdown)
  * [全球认证](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/trust-center/compliance)
  * [全方位信任计划](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/whitepapers/trust-360)  
    职业生涯
  * [概述](https://jobs.paloaltonetworks.com/)
  * [文化与福利](https://jobs.paloaltonetworks.com/culture)  
    [《新闻周刊》评选出的最受欢迎的工作场所
    善待员工的企业
    阅读更多](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/press/2021/palo-alto-networks-secures-top-ranking-on-newsweek-s-most-loved-workplaces-list-for-2021)

* 更多内容  
  ![black arrow pointing left to go back to main navigation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/arrow-right-black.svg) 更多内容  
  资源
  
  * [博客](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/?lang=zh-hans)
  * [Unit 42 威胁研究博客](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/)
  * [社区](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/communities)
  * [内容库](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/resources?ts=markdown)
  * [Cyberpedia](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cyberpedia?ts=markdown)
  * [技术内幕](https://techinsider.paloaltonetworks.com/)
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3. [什么是关键基础设施？](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cyberpedia/what-is-critical-infrastructure?ts=markdown)  
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* [关键基础设施安全为何重要？](#why)
* [各国政府如何保护重要系统](#how)
* [确保关键基础设施控制系统安全的挑战](#challenges)

# 什么是关键基础设施？

目录

* [关键基础设施安全为何重要？](#why)
* [各国政府如何保护重要系统](#how)
* [确保关键基础设施控制系统安全的挑战](#challenges)

1. 关键基础设施安全为何重要？

* [1. 关键基础设施安全为何重要？](#why)
* [2. 各国政府如何保护重要系统](#how)
* [3. 确保关键基础设施控制系统安全的挑战](#challenges)

关键基础设施包括所有资产、系统和网络--有形的和虚拟的--对社会经济的正常运转、国家公共卫生或安全、安保或上述任何组合都至关重要。关键基础设施包括粮食和农业部门、运输系统（如公路、铁路、高速公路、机场）、[供水](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/electric-utilities) （如饮用水、废水/污水处理）、互联网和移动网络、[公共卫生](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/healthcare) （如医院、救护车）、能源（[石油和天然气](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/oil-gas)）、[电力设施](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/electric-utilities)、[金融服务](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/financial-services)、电信、国防等。尽管由于基本生活需要，所有国家的关键基础设施都是相似的，但被认为是关键的基础设施会因国家的独特需求、资源和发展水平而有所不同。在美国，这些物理和网络基础设施通常由私营部门拥有和运营，但也有一些由 [联邦、州或地方政府](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/security-for/government/state-and-local-government)拥有。

## 关键基础设施安全为何重要？

关键基础设施通常包括 工业控制系统 (ICS)，包括 用于关键基础设施 [行业](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/industry?ts=markdown)工业流程自动化的 [监控和数据采集系统 (SCADA)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/zero-trust-ot-security?ts=markdown) 。针对 [SCADA](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/zero-trust-ot-security?ts=markdown) 和其他 [工业控制系统](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/zero-trust-ot-security?ts=markdown) 的攻击是令人严重关切的问题。它们有可能对运输、石油和天然气供应、电网、配水和废水收集等重要系统造成大规模破坏。基础设施系统和部门之间的联系和相互依存意味着，如果一个或多个功能出现故障或停电，可能会对多个部门产生直接的负面影响。2021 年 5 月，网络犯罪分子入侵了 Colonial 管道公司，该公司控制着东海岸近一半的汽油、航空燃油和柴油流量。黑客利用被泄露的密码，破坏了美国最大的燃料管道，导致整个东海岸的燃料短缺。

针对工业控制系统的破坏性网络攻击威胁也会产生财务影响。根据 Gartner 的数据，在大型制造、石油和天然气组织中，每分钟停机的平均成本可能在 [5,000 美元到 10,000 美元](https://www.gartner.com/en/insights)之间。网络犯罪分子已经知道他们可以从受害者那里索取大量赎金，而民族国家也可以通过展示其网络战能力来更有效地欺负对手国家。Colonial Pipeline 和 JBS USA Holdings Inc. 的攻击共导致 1,500 万美元的赎金支付。攻击者不仅越来越多地瞄准关键基础设施（CI）和运行技术（OT），而且还加大投资力度，提高他们入侵这些组织的能力。

## 各国政府如何保护重要系统

各国政府和负责关键基础设施的机构正在不断发展，以应对网络风险以及更多用户（居民、病人、学生和承包商）在更多地方对更多数据的不同需求。例如，最近发生的殖民地管道勒索软件攻击事件促使美国总统拜登签署了一项 行政命令 ，指示美国联邦政府充分发挥其权力和资源，保护和保障其计算机系统的安全，无论这些系统是基于云计算、本地部署还是混合部署。

"智能政府 "计划正在推动政府如何利用来自更多选民的数据的创新方法，而智能传感器正在改变军队利用来自远方的实时数据的方式。这些现实情况正在推动一种新的运营方式，其中还必须包括新的网络安全考虑因素。例如，2018 年，澳大利亚信号局（ASD）发布了 "缓解网络安全事件的策略 "指南，以帮助澳大利亚的关键基础设施和其他组织保护国家的数字资产。这些策略源自政府在应对网络安全事件和测试安全态势时的可观测性和经验。

## 确保关键基础设施控制系统安全的挑战

近几十年来，[SCADA 和工业控制系统](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/zero-trust-ot-security?ts=markdown) 发生了翻天覆地的变化。曾经基于串行协议的一系列孤立的专有系统，如今已成为高度互联的系统，利用互联网协议和现成的商业解决方案来优化运营和降低成本。这种信息技术（IT）与操作技术（OT）的整合带来了许多商业利益，但现代化也增加了网络威胁的风险，损害了流程的可用性以及人员、公民、经济和环境的福祉。这一因素，再加上威胁和监管环境的不断加剧，加重了试图保护其关键基础设施安全的组织的负担。其中一些挑战包括

* 在应用程序和用户层面获得对运行网络流量的细粒度可视性，以验证正确使用或异常使用。

* 利用足够的访问控制对网络进行分段，以限制外来和内部攻击载体，同时满足严格的性能要求，如 ISA 62443。

* 保护未打补丁的现成商用（COTS）系统免受已知的网络威胁，减少因网络事件或打补丁造成的停机时间。

* 防止先进的网络攻击，这些攻击利用零时差方法破坏生产、损害信息完整性或外流知识产权。

* 管理相互脱节的分布式网络和 Endpoint Security Manager 产品。

* 保护不受管理、不安全的 IoT 设备和联网设备。

* 遵守 NERC CIP、TSA 安全指令和 NIST CSF 等法规，并有效提供审计信息。

* 通过坚固耐用且符合各种极端条件的安全解决方案，确保偏远地区外部工厂环境的运行和安全。

要有效保护当今重要基础设施中的 SCADA 和 ICS 网络，必须采用现代化的安全方法。要了解 Palo Alto Networks 如何帮助全球 ICS 和 SCADA 系统运营商保护其品牌和过程控制环境运行，请下载《 [工业控制系统安全参考蓝图》](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/whitepapers/industrial-control-blueprint-reference)。

### 推荐阅读

* [工业控制系统安全参考蓝图白皮书](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/whitepapers/industrial-control-blueprint-reference)
* [ICS 和 SCADA](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/network-security/zero-trust-ot-security?ts=markdown)
* [Palo Alto Networks 与西门子合作保护关键基础设施](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/press/2021/palo-alto-networks-and-siemens-partner-to-protect-critical-infrastructure)  
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