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[FISMA 和 FedRAMP 之间有什么区别？](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cyberpedia/difference-between-fisma-and-fedramp?ts=markdown) 相关内容 * [什么是 FISMA？](#what) * [让我们谈谈 FedRAMP](#about) # FISMA 和 FedRAMP 之间有什么区别？ 相关内容 * [什么是 FISMA？](#what) * [让我们谈谈 FedRAMP](#about) 1. 什么是 FISMA？ * [1. 什么是 FISMA？](#what) * [2. 让我们谈谈 FedRAMP](#about) 通过 [云优先政策](https://cloud.cio.gov/strategy/)，美国政府承诺授予各机构更广泛的权限，以采用商业化的云服务。这种采用的主要驱动力是提高机构 IT 基础设施投资的投资回报率，加强政府 IT 安全，以及为美国人民提供更高质量的服务。 根据 Gartner 的数据，2018 年年中，近 [半](https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/understanding-cloud-adoption-in-government/) 的政府组织已经在积极使用云服务。 [采用率呈上升趋势](https://fedtechmagazine.com/article/2018/12/how-will-federal-cloud-use-evolve-2019)，混合云和多云产品日益突出。如果您计划向政府交付基于云的服务，那么从根本上了解政府颁布的联邦 IT 合规性标准比以往任何时候都更加重要。在谈及联邦 IT 基础设施时，有两项与 IT 安全相关的重要合规性规定经常被讨论，它们是 FISMA 和 FedRAMP。 FISMA 和 FedRAMP 具有相同的高层次目标，即保护政府数据和降低联邦信息系统内的信息安全风险。二者也都建立在 NIST 特别出版物 800-53A 控制措施的基础之上。然而，在联邦政策、安全控制和授权方面，两者之间存在明显的对比。 ## 什么是 FISMA？ 2002 年颁布的《联邦信息安全管理法》（FISMA）涵盖了政府数据存储和处理的合规性参数。它要求联邦机构及其私营部门供应商实施信息安全控制措施，确保联邦信息系统的数据安全态势得到保护。所有向联邦政府出售服务的私营部门公司都必须遵守 FISMA 的要求。 FISMA 合规性的主要框架是 NIST[SP 800-53](https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/cprt/catalog#/cprt/framework/version/SP_800_53_5_1_1/home)。简单地说，供应商要符合 FISMA 的要求，就必须实施 NIST SP 800-53 中为联邦信息系统推荐的信息安全控制措施。FISMA 评估传统上侧重于支持单一机构的信息系统。 符合 FISMA 标准的供应商只能从与其开展业务的特定联邦机构获得运营授权（或称 ATO）。如果供应商与多个联邦机构签订了业务合同，则必须从每个机构获得 ATO，因为根据每个机构的具体数据安全需求，安全控制可能有所不同。 ## 让我们谈谈 FedRAMP 通过颁布 FedRAMP，政府旨在使各机构的云服务提供商采购流程更加简便。在最基本的层面上，FedRAMP 更具体地针对云服务提供商。根据 FedRAMP 评估的供政府机构使用的系统是私营部门企业使用的商业云系统（如 IaaS、PaaS、SaaS）。 根据 FIPS 199 标准，按照 FISMA 或 FedRAMP 评估的信息系统根据几种不同的标准分为高、中、低三类。然后，根据安全分类，将 NIST SP 800-53 中适用的安全控制措施按高影响、中等影响或低影响应用于信息系统。FedRAMP 的要求包括 NIST SP 800-53 修订版 4 中标准 NIST 基准控制措施之外的额外控制措施。这些额外的控制措施针对云计算的独特要素，以确保云环境中所有联邦数据的安全。 与 FISMA 不同，FedRAMP ATO 使云服务提供商有资格与任何联邦机构开展业务。 由于 FedRAMP 的范围更广，其认证程序也要严格得多。授权计划要求云提供商接受第三方评估组织（或 [3PAO](https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definitions/F)）进行的独立安全评估，才能向联邦机构出售政府云服务。 **结论** 正在寻找符合 FedRAMP 标准的产品或服务的联邦机构很可能也希望产品或服务符合 FISMA 标准。云服务提供商应同时遵守 FISMA 和 FedRAMP 规定，以保持美国政府的 ATO。 世界各地的国家和联邦政府部门依靠 Palo Alto Networks 防止网络攻击得逞、保护机密和敏感数据并优化安全运营。 [了解更多](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/federal) ![Share page on facebook](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/facebook-circular-icon.svg) ![Share page on linkedin](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/linkedin-circular-icon.svg) [![Share page by an email](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/email-circular-icon.svg)](mailto:?subject=FISMA%20%E5%92%8C%20FedRAMP%20%E4%B9%8B%E9%97%B4%E6%9C%89%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%AB%EF%BC%9F&body=%E8%A6%81%E5%90%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%BA%A4%E4%BB%98%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8E%E4%BA%91%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%EF%BC%8C%E5%B0%B1%E5%BF%85%E9%A1%BB%E4%BA%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%A2%81%E5%B8%83%E7%9A%84%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%20IT%20%E5%90%88%E8%A7%84%E6%80%A7%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%20at%20https%3A//www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cyberpedia/difference-between-fisma-and-fedramp) 返回页首 {#footer} ## 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